AI Analysis of Motor Test Data
Impedance Imbalance has a Very Strong correlation to Winding Defects with a R 0.82.
This Data Analysis has taken a large population of Motors of different Sizes, Industries, Brands, across eight countries.
The Data was feed into DeepSeek AI for Analysis and the Results here are unaltered.
DeepSeek
Statistical Analysis of Impedance Imbalance of Electric Motors
Key Findings from the Histogram:
- Distribution Shape: The data shows a roughly bimodal distribution with peaks around 10-12% and 14-16% impedance imbalance.
- Central Tendency: Mean: ~12.75%Median: ~13.41%
- Mean: ~12.75%
- Median: ~13.41%
- Data Range: Most values fall between 0% and 25% impedance imbalance, with the majority concentrated in the 8-18% range.
- Data Quality: After filtering, we have 989 valid readings out of the original 1020 records (about 97% data quality).
- Skewness: The distribution appears slightly left-skewed, which aligns with our earlier finding that the mean is lower than the median.
The bimodal nature suggests there might be two distinct populations of motors - possibly different types of equipment, different operating conditions, or motors from different manufacturers that naturally have different impedance characteristics.
This analysis confirms my observations, that Motor build quality varies significantly between Brands, with a few European Brands dominating the poor quality.
3Phi Reliability recommend an Acceptance Limit of approximately 8% the data shows this is where the population of Good Quality Motors Start.
A few Motors to the extreme left are ones dominated by Severe Winding defects that are close to failure.
An earlier Analysis of Impedance Imbalance vs Winding defects done by hand, No AI help.
The Yellow plot is a Log scale of Increasing Impedance Imbalance, what is seen above 8% Impedance Imbalance, the Conductive inter turn defects Blue (Current Frequency Response) & RED (Phase Angle) have a high correlation.
While IEC60034-1 Standard has no Impedance Imbalance listed, the correlation is unquestionable. High Impedance Imbalance stresses the winding like an Out of Balance car Tyre. It uses more energy, and reliability suffers.
IEEE 1415 is a professional standard of Best Practice, not enforceable but can be referenced a as guideline. It includes Impedance Imbalance as a Motor Test.
Variable Frequency Motor Test is Effective means of determining Winding Condition.
The question is does High Impedance Imbalance Motors met the efficiency standard listed on the nameplate and in IEC60034-1? Motor manufacturers only spot check actual efficiency with a load test.
The answer is to Acceptance Test with Motor Circuit Analysis, and Motor Current Signature Analysis, then ask the questions on actual efficiency. Not just accepting the type test of the design.
The omission of Impedance Imbalance in IEC60034-1 needs to be questioned, or even better which industry bodies excluded it.
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